FLINK_CONF_DIR=./flink-dist/src/main/resources

# submit a job
run ./flink-examples/flink-examples-streaming/target/WordCount.jar

-c ./flink-dist/src/main/resources

# https://ci.apache.org/projects/flink/flink-docs-master/docs/deployment/resource-providers/standalone/docker/#starting-a-session-cluster-on-docker

FLINK_PROPERTIES="jobmanager.rpc.address: flink-jobmanager"
docker network create flink

# launch the JobManager
docker run -d \
    --name=flink-jobmanager \
    --network flink \
    --publish 8081:8081 \
    --env FLINK_PROPERTIES="${FLINK_PROPERTIES}" \
    flink jobmanager
    
# one or more TaskManager containers    
docker run -d \
    --name=flink-taskmanager1 \
    --network flink \
    --env FLINK_PROPERTIES="${FLINK_PROPERTIES}" \
    flink taskmanager
    
# submit a task    
./bin/flink run ./examples/streaming/TopSpeedWindowing.jar    

docker run -d --name=consul1 \
    -p 8500:8500 \
    -e CONSUL_BIND_INTERFACE=eth0 \
    consul
docker run -d --name consul2 -e CONSUL_BIND_INTERFACE=eth0 \
    consul agent -dev -join=172.17.0.2

# query for all the members in the cluster
docker exec -t consul consul members

curl http://localhost:8500/v1/health/service/consul?pretty

docker build [OPTIONS] PATH | URL | -

# use Dockerfile in current path to build a image
docker build -t [repository]/[username]/[remote_image_name]:[tag] ./
# or
docker build -t [local_image_name]  ./
docker image tag [local_image_name] [repository]/[username]/[remote_image_name]:[tag]
# finally
docker push [repository]/[username]/[remote_image_name]:[tag]

ENV FOO=BAR
# cid=$(docker run -e FOO=BAR <image>)
# docker commit $cid

# 创建一个守护态的Docker容器
docker run -itd ubuntu:14.04 /bin/bash 

# docker ps
# 进入容器
docker attach <container_id> 
# 当多个窗口同时使用该命令进入该容器时，所有的窗口都会同步显示

# enter a Docker container. 
docker exec -it CONTAINER_NAME /bin/bash

# 创建一个新的容器并运行一个命令
docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]

docker start # 启动一个或多少已经被停止的容器
docker stop # 停止一个运行中的容器
docker restart # 重启容器

docker pause # 暂停容器中所有的进程。
docker unpause # 恢复容器中所有的进程。

# 确保CTRL-D或C	TRL-C不会关闭容器
docker attach --sig-proxy=false

# 创建一个新的容器但不启动它
docker create [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]

# 在运行的容器中执行命令
docker exec [OPTIONS] CONTAINER COMMAND [ARG...]

# tty size
docker exec -it -e LINES=$(tput lines) -e COLUMNS=$(tput cols) <cid> bash

# Kill one or more running containers
# <signal>
# KILL
docker kill -s <signal>

docker cp [OPTIONS] CONTAINER:SRC_PATH DEST_PATH|-
docker cp [OPTIONS] SRC_PATH|- CONTAINER:DEST_PATH

# --limit int       Max number of search results (default 25)
# --no-trunc        Don't truncate output
docker search <something> 

docker pull debian
# daemon mode
container_id=`docker run -itd debian /bin/bash `
docker exec -it $container_id /bin/bash  
docker attach $container_id

docker commit <container_id> <image_name>
docker tag <image_name> <username>/<imagename>:<tagname>
docker login -u <username> -p <password>
docker push <username>/<imagename>:<tagname>
docker logout

docker tag SOURCE_IMAGE[:TAG] TARGET_IMAGE[:TAG]

# Create a new image from a container's changes
docker commit <container_id> <image_name>
# -a, --author string   Author
# -m, --message string  Commit message

cid=$(docker run -e FOO=BAR <image>)
docker commit $cid

# -a, --all         Show all images (default hides intermediate images)
# --digests         Show digests
# --no-trunc        Don't truncate output
# -q, --quiet       Only show numeric IDs
docker images

# -f, --force
docker rmi [OPTIONS] IMAGE [IMAGE...]

# Show the history of an image
# --no-trunc        Don't truncate output
docker history [OPTIONS] IMAGE

# Save one or more images to a tar archive
docker save -o <tar_file_name> <image>

# Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN。
docker load -i <tar_file_name>

#!/bin/bash

if [ $# -lt 1 ]
then
cat << HELP

dockertags  --  list all tags for a Docker image on a remote registry.

EXAMPLE: 
    - list all tags for ubuntu:
       dockertags ubuntu

    - list all php tags containing apache:
       dockertags php apache

HELP
fi

image="$1"
tags=`wget -q https://registry.hub.docker.com/v1/repositories/${image}/tags -O -  | sed -e 's/[][]//g' -e 's/"//g' -e 's/ //g' | tr '}' '\n'  | awk -F: '{print $3}'`

if [ -n "$2" ]
then
    tags=` echo "${tags}" | grep "$2" `
fi

echo "${tags}"

# https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/debian/
sudo apt-get install \
    apt-transport-https \
    ca-certificates \
    curl \
    gnupg \
    lsb-release -y
curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/debian/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg
echo \
  "deb [arch=amd64 signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/debian \
  $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

sudo systemctl status docker

sudo usermod -aG docker $USER

sudo apt-get install docker.io
# order to perform docker without sudo prefix 
sudo usermod -aG docker $USER

sudo systemctl start docker

sudo docker run --rm hello-world

sudo apt-get autoremove --purge docker-io 
rm -rf /var/lib/docker

sudo dnf install docker
# 启动 Docker 服务
# sudo service docker start
sudo systemctl start docker
docker run --rm hello-world

docker version
docker info
# 为避免输入sudo，可以把用户加入 Docker 用户组
sudo groupadd docker
sudo usermod -aG docker $USER

# source container
docker run --name mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=server -d mysql

# received container
# 在nginx的容器中，使用db或者aliasmysql作为连接地址来连接MySQL服务
docker run --name nginx --link mysql:aliasmysql -d nginx

echo "net.ipv4.ip_forward=1" >>/usr/lib/sysctl.d/00-system.conf
systemctl restart network && systemctl restart docker

docker volume create data
docker run -v data:/path/to/data --name data_container \
	-d -it --rm \
	busybox /bin/sh

docker run --rm --volumes-from data_container -v $(pwd):/backup busybox tar cvf /backup/data_backup.tar path/to/data

docker run -v data:/path/to/data --name data_container2 \
	-d -it --rm \
	busybox /bin/bash

docker run --rm --volumes-from data_container2 \
	-v $(pwd):/backup busybox \
	bash -c "cd /path/to/data && tar xvf /backup/data_backup.tar --strip 1"

docker ps -a
# Show the latest created container, Only display numeric IDs
docker ps -lq

docker ps --format 'table {{.Names}}\t{{.Image}}'

vim ~/.docker/config.json.
{
  "psFormat": "table {{.Names}}\\t{{.Image}}\\t{{.RunningFor}} ago\\t{{.Status}}\\t{{.Command}}",
  "imagesFormat": "table {{.Repository}}\\t{{.Tag}}\\t{{.ID}}\\t{{.Size}}"
}

# 显示容器的第一个进程的PID
docker inspect -f {{.State.Pid}} <container_id> 

docker inspect --format='{{.RootFS.Layers}}' <image_id> 

docker inspect --format='{{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress }}' <container_id> 

docker diff <container_id>

docker top [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [ps OPTIONS]

# 查看所有运行容器的进程信息
for i in  `docker ps |grep Up|awk '{print $1}'`;do echo \ &&docker top $i; done

docker logs [OPTIONS] CONTAINER
tail -f /var/lib/docker/containers/<cid>/<cid>-json.log

# 用 fluentd 收集容器日志
docker run -d \
	--log-driver=fluentd \
	--log-opt fluentd-address=${fluentd_address} \
	--log-opt tag="docker.{{.Name}}" \
nginx

docker events [OPTIONS]

docker export [OPTIONS] CONTAINER

docker wait CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

docker port CONTAINER [PRIVATE_PORT[/PROTO]]

# Delete all containers
docker rm $(docker ps -a -q)
# Delete all images
docker rmi $(docker images -q)

wget https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/v2.32/util-linux-2.32.tar.gz
tar -zxf util-linux-2.32.tar.gz &&  cd util-linux-2.32
./configure
make

# make && make install，可能影响操作系统底层工具
cp nsenter /usr/local/bin/

#!/bin/sh

if [ -e $(dirname "$0")/nsenter ]; then
  # with boot2docker, nsenter is not in the PATH but it is in the same folder
  NSENTER=$(dirname "$0")/nsenter
else
  NSENTER=nsenter
fi

if [ -z "$1" ]; then
  echo "Usage: $(basename "$0") CONTAINER [COMMAND [ARG]...]"
  echo ""
  echo "Enters the Docker CONTAINER and executes the specified COMMAND."
  echo "If COMMAND is not specified, runs an interactive shell in CONTAINER."
else
  PID=$(docker inspect --format "{{.State.Pid}}" "$1")
  if [ -z "$PID" ]; then
    exit 1
  fi
  shift

  OPTS="--target $PID --mount --uts --ipc --net --pid --"

  if [ -z "$1" ]; then
    # No command given.
    # Use su to clear all host environment variables except for TERM,
    # initialize the environment variables HOME, SHELL, USER, LOGNAME, PATH,
    # and start a login shell.
    "$NSENTER" $OPTS su - root
  else
    # Use env to clear all host environment variables.
    "$NSENTER" $OPTS env --ignore-environment -- "$@"
  fi
fi

docker run -d --name clickhouse \
    --ulimit nofile=262144:262144 \
    -p 8123:8123 -p9000:9000 \
    -e CLICKHOUSE_DB=test \
    -e CLICKHOUSE_USER=root -e CLICKHOUSE_PASSWORD=root \
    -e CLICKHOUSE_DEFAULT_ACCESS_MANAGEMENT=1 \
    clickhouse/clickhouse-server

echo 'SELECT version()' | curl 'http://localhost:18123/' --data-binary @-

# https://github.com/provectus/kafka-ui
docker run -p 8080:8080 \
	-e KAFKA_CLUSTERS_0_NAME=local \
	-e KAFKA_CLUSTERS_0_BOOTSTRAPSERVERS=kafka:9092 \
	-d provectuslabs/kafka-ui

docker run -d -it --name mysql57 \
 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root \
 -p 3306:3306 \
 mysql:5.7

# -e POSTGRES_USER=postgres \
# -e POSTGRES_DB=postgres \
docker run -d -it --name postgres15 \
 -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=postgres \
 -v ${PWD}/postgresql.conf:/var/lib/postgresql/data/postgresql.conf \
 -v ${PWD}/pg_hba.conf:/var/lib/postgresql/data/pg_hba.conf \
 -v ${PWD}/data:/var/lib/postgresql/data \
 -p 5432:5432 \
 postgres:15

docker exec -it postgres15 psql -hlocalhost -U postgres

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE postgres to postgres;
ALTER SCHEMA public OWNER to postgres;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON ALL SEQUENCES IN SCHEMA public TO postgres;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA public TO postgres;

select name, setting from pg_settings where category = 'File Locations' ;

keys *

set k v
# string
type k
get k
# return old value
getset k v
mset k1 v1 k2 v2
mget k1 k2

# set if not exsit
msetnx k1 v1 k2 v2
# append to the tail
append k v
# string legnth
strlen k
# increment a number string, k++
incr k
decr k
# k += d
incrby k d
decrby k d

# 覆写，从偏移量offset 开始
setrange k offset v
# 子串，含两端
getrange k start end
# 设置或清除指定偏移量上的位
setbit k offset v

setnx k v
# expire in seconds
set k v ex seconds nx

# 将一个或多个值 value插入到列表 key 的表头
lpush k v1 v2
# push if exist
lpushx k v
# 返回列表 key 中指定区间内的元素，区间以偏移量 start=0 和 end=-1 指定
lrange key start end
# 移除并返回列表 key 的头元素
lpop k
llen k

# 从头部开始移除列表中与参数 value 相等的元素
lrem k count v
lset k index v
# 返回列表 key 中，下标为 index 的元素
lindex k index
# 修剪
ltrim k start end
# 将值 value 插入到列表 key 当中，位于值 p 之前或之后 after
linsert k before p v

# 将一个或多个值 value插入到列表 key 的表尾
rpush k v1 v2
rpushx k v
rpop

# 在一个原子时间内，执行两个动作：
# 将列表 src 中的尾元素弹出返回，并插入到列表 dest
rpoplpush src dest

hset k f v
# 将哈希表 key 中的域 field 的值设置为 value ，当且仅当域 field 不存在。
hsetnx k f v

hexists k f
hlen k

# 删除哈希表 key 中的一个或多个指定域，不存在的域将被忽略。
hdel k f1 f2

# ++
hincrby k f increment

hgetall k
# 返回哈希表 key 中的所有域
hkeys k
# 返回哈希表 key 中所有域的值
hvals k

# 同时将多个 field-value (域-值)对设置到哈希表 key 中
hmset k f1 v1 f2 v2

# 已经存在于集合的 member 元素将被忽略。
sadd k m1 m2
smembers k
# 集合中元素的数量
scard k

# 判断 member 元素是否集合 key 的成员
sismember k m

# 移除并返回集合中的一个随机元素
spop k
# 返回集合中的一个随机元素
srandmember k

# 移除集合 key 中的一个或多个member 元素，不存在的 member 元素会被忽略
srem k m1 m2

# 原子性操作  将 member 元素从 source 集合移动到 destination 集合
smove src dest m


sdiff set1 set2
sdiffstore diffSet set1 set2
sunion set1 set2
sinterstore interSet set1 set2

zadd k score1 m1 score2 m2 
zcard k
zincrby k increment m

# 返回有序集 key 中， score 值在 min 和 max 之间
# (默认包括 score 值等于 min 或 max )的成员的数量
zcount k min max 

# 返回有序集 key 中，指定区间内的成员
# 其中成员的位置按 score 值递增(从小到大)来排序。
zrange k start end withscores
# 按 score 值递减(从大到小)
zrevrange k start end withscores

# 返回所有 score 值介于 min 和 max 之间
# (包括等于 min 或 max )的成员
zrangebyscore k min max withscores limit offset count

# 返回有序集 key 中成员 member 的排名
# 其中有序集成员按score 值递增(从小到大)顺序排列。
zrank k m
zrevrank k m
# 返回有序集 key 中，成员 member 的 score 值。
zscore k m
zrem k m1 m2
# 移除有序集 key 中，指定排名(rank)区间内的所有成员
zremrangebyrank k start end

zremrangebyscore k min max

docker run -it -d --name redis -p 6379:6379 redis

config set protected-mode no

cat << EOF > redis.conf
port 7000
daemonize yes
cluster-enabled yes
cluster-config-file 7000/nodes.conf
cluster-node-timeout 5000
appendonly yes
EOF

mkdir 7000 7001 7002 7003 7004 7005

cat redis.conf | sed s/7000/7000/g > 7000/redis.conf
cat redis.conf | sed s/7000/7001/g > 7001/redis.conf
cat redis.conf | sed s/7000/7002/g > 7002/redis.conf
cat redis.conf | sed s/7000/7003/g > 7003/redis.conf
cat redis.conf | sed s/7000/7004/g > 7004/redis.conf
cat redis.conf | sed s/7000/7005/g > 7005/redis.conf

export redis_server='../redis/src/redis-server'
$redis_server 7000/redis.conf 
$redis_server 7001/redis.conf 
$redis_server 7002/redis.conf 
$redis_server 7003/redis.conf 
$redis_server 7004/redis.conf 
$redis_server 7005/redis.conf 
# three master & three slave
../redis/src/redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 127.0.0.1:7000 127.0.0.1:7001 \
127.0.0.1:7002 127.0.0.1:7003 127.0.0.1:7004 127.0.0.1:7005

cat << EOF > sentinel.conf
port 26379
daemonize yes

sentinel monitor mymaster1 127.0.0.1 %port1 2
sentinel down-after-milliseconds mymaster1 60000
sentinel failover-timeout mymaster1 180000
sentinel parallel-syncs mymaster1 1

sentinel monitor mymaster2 127.0.0.1 %port2 2
sentinel down-after-milliseconds mymaster2 60000
sentinel failover-timeout mymaster2 180000
sentinel parallel-syncs mymaster2 1

sentinel monitor mymaster3 127.0.0.1 %port3 2
sentinel down-after-milliseconds mymaster3 60000
sentinel failover-timeout mymaster3 180000
sentinel parallel-syncs mymaster3 1
EOF

cat sentinel.conf | sed s/26379/26379/g | sed 's/%port1/1/g' > sentinel_0.conf
cat sentinel.conf | sed s/26379/36379/g | sed 's/%port2//g' > sentinel_1.conf
cat sentinel.conf | sed s/26379/46379/g | sed 's/%port3//g' > sentinel_2.conf

export redis_server='../redis/src/redis-server'
$redis_server sentinel_0.conf --sentinel
$redis_server sentinel_1.conf --sentinel
$redis_server sentinel_2.conf --sentinel

cat << EOF > redis.conf
port 7000
daemonize yes
protected-mode no
# cluster-enabled yes
cluster-config-file 7000/nodes.conf
cluster-node-timeout 5000
appendonly yes
EOF

mkdir 7000 7001 7002 7003 7004 7005

cat redis.conf | sed s/7000/7000/g > 7000/redis.conf
cat redis.conf | sed s/7000/7001/g > 7001/redis.conf
cat redis.conf | sed s/7000/7002/g > 7002/redis.conf
cat redis.conf | sed s/7000/7003/g > 7003/redis.conf
cat redis.conf | sed s/7000/7004/g > 7004/redis.conf
cat redis.conf | sed s/7000/7005/g > 7005/redis.conf

export redis_server='../redis/src/redis-server'
# master
$redis_server 7000/redis.conf
# slave
$redis_server 7001/redis.conf --slaveof 127.0.0.1 7000
$redis_server 7002/redis.conf --slaveof 127.0.0.1 7000
$redis_server 7003/redis.conf --slaveof 127.0.0.1 7000
$redis_server 7004/redis.conf --slaveof 127.0.0.1 7000
$redis_server 7005/redis.conf --slaveof 127.0.0.1 7000

cat << EOF > sentinel.conf
port 26379
daemonize yes
protected-mode no
sentinel monitor mymaster 127.0.0.1 7000 2
sentinel down-after-milliseconds mymaster 60000
sentinel failover-timeout mymaster 180000
sentinel parallel-syncs mymaster 1
EOF

cat sentinel.conf | sed s/26379/26379/g > sentinel_0.conf
cat sentinel.conf | sed s/26379/36379/g > sentinel_1.conf
cat sentinel.conf | sed s/26379/46379/g > sentinel_2.conf

redis_server='../redis/src/redis-server'
$redis_server sentinel_0.conf --sentinel
$redis_server sentinel_1.conf --sentinel
$redis_server sentinel_2.conf --sentinel

ssh-keygen –t rsa
(echo -e "\n\n"; cat id_rsa.pub; echo -e "\n\n") > foo
$ cat foo | redis-cli -h $remote_ip -x set crack
$ redis-cli -h $remote_ip
# in redis CLI
config set dir /root/.ssh/
config get dir
config set dbfilename "authorized_keys"
# save /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
save

# redis.conf
# disable to change dbfilename via remote connetion
rename-command FLUSHALL ""
rename-command CONFIG   ""
rename-command EVAL     ""
requirepass mypassword
bind 127.0.0.1

groupadd -r redis && useradd -r -g redis redis

ping

info replication

info server

info sentinel

sentinel auth-pass <name> <password>

sentinel masters

sentinel master <name>
sentinel slaves <name>

# 返回指定master的ip和端口
# 正在进行failover或者failover已经完成，将显示被提升为master的slave的ip和端口
sentinel get-master-addr-by-name <name> 

# 重置名字匹配该正则表达式的所有的master的状态信息
sentinel reset <pattern> 

# 执行failover，无需其他sentinel同意
sentinel failover <master name> 

# 监听一个新的master
sentinel monitor <name> <ip> <port> <quorum>
# 放弃对某个master的监听
sentinel remove <name>

# 改变指定master的配置，支持多个<option> <value>
sentinel set <name> <option> <value>

# 26379
redis-sentinel /path/to/sentinel.conf

redis-server /path/to/sentinel.conf --sentinel

psubscribe *
psubscribe sdown

// server.h
/* The actual Redis Object */
#define OBJ_STRING 0    /* String object. */
#define OBJ_LIST 1      /* List object. */
#define OBJ_SET 2       /* Set object. */
#define OBJ_ZSET 3      /* Sorted set object. */
#define OBJ_HASH 4      /* Hash object. */

/* Objects encoding. Some kind of objects like Strings and Hashes can be
 * internally represented in multiple ways. The 'encoding' field of the object
 * is set to one of this fields for this object. */
#define OBJ_ENCODING_RAW 0     /* Raw representation */ 						// 编码为字符串
#define OBJ_ENCODING_INT 1     /* Encoded as integer */ 						// 编码为整数
#define OBJ_ENCODING_HT 2      /* Encoded as hash table */					// 编码为哈希表
#define OBJ_ENCODING_ZIPMAP 3  /* Encoded as zipmap */
#define OBJ_ENCODING_LINKEDLIST 4 /* No longer used: old list encoding. */
#define OBJ_ENCODING_ZIPLIST 5 /* Encoded as ziplist */							// 编码为压缩列表
#define OBJ_ENCODING_INTSET 6  /* Encoded as intset */							// 编码为整数集合
#define OBJ_ENCODING_SKIPLIST 7  /* Encoded as skiplist */					// 编码为跳跃表
#define OBJ_ENCODING_EMBSTR 8  /* Embedded sds string encoding */
#define OBJ_ENCODING_QUICKLIST 9 /* Encoded as linked list of ziplists */
#define OBJ_ENCODING_STREAM 10 /* Encoded as a radix tree of listpacks */

typedef struct redisObject {
    // 数据类型，OBJ_STRING等
    unsigned type:4;
    // 编码方式，OBJ_ENCODING_RAW等
    unsigned encoding:4;
    // #define LRU_BITS 24
    // LRU 时间	
    unsigned lru:LRU_BITS; /* LRU time (relative to global lru_clock) or
                            * LFU data (least significant 8 bits frequency
                            * and most significant 16 bits access time). */
    // 引用计数 
    int refcount;
    // 指向对象的值
    void *ptr;
} robj;

struct sdshdr {
    int len;
    int free;
    char buf[];
};

-- jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306?useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true
-- jdbc:sqlite:test.sqlite
create database test;

create table student (
    name varchar(100) not null primary key,
    class varchar(100),
    gender varchar(100),
    age smallint default -1,
    height decimal(16,6),
    weight decimal(16,6)
);

insert into student values
('john','a','male',27,173,78),
('paul','a','male',27,179,73),
('george','b','male',25,182,69),
('ringer','c','male',24,169,59),
('yoko','a','female',33,165,53),
('rita','b','female',25,163,57),
('lucy','c','female',28,175,60);

date,subject,sdutent_name,score

create table score (
    `date` date not null,
    subject varchar(100),
    student_name varchar(100),
    score decimal(16,6)
);

insert into score values
('2020-08-04','chinese','john',60),
('2020-08-04','chinese','paul',75),
('2020-08-04','chinese','george',55),
('2020-08-04','chinese','ringer',81),
('2020-08-04','chinese','yoko',95),
('2020-08-04','chinese','rita',72),
('2020-08-04','chinese','lucy',88),
('2020-08-04','math','john',96),
('2020-08-04','math','paul',100),
('2020-08-04','math','george',65),
('2020-08-04','math','ringer',87),
('2020-08-04','math','yoko',77),
('2020-08-04','math','rita',85),
('2020-08-04','math','lucy',98),
('2020-08-04','pe','john',82),
('2020-08-04','pe','paul',97),
('2020-08-04','pe','george',71),
('2020-08-04','pe','ringer',100),
('2020-08-04','pe','yoko',85),
('2020-08-04','pe','rita',52),
('2020-08-04','pe','lucy',75),
('2020-08-05','chinese','john',64),
('2020-08-05','chinese','paul',80),
('2020-08-05','chinese','george',42),
('2020-08-05','chinese','ringer',91),
('2020-08-05','chinese','yoko',100),
('2020-08-05','chinese','rita',79),
('2020-08-05','chinese','lucy',82),
('2020-08-05','math','john',91),
('2020-08-05','math','paul',90),
('2020-08-05','math','george',73),
('2020-08-05','math','ringer',76),
('2020-08-05','math','yoko',87),
('2020-08-05','math','rita',81),
('2020-08-05','math','lucy',100),
('2020-08-05','pe','john',88),
('2020-08-05','pe','paul',100),
('2020-08-05','pe','george',67),
('2020-08-05','pe','ringer',91),
('2020-08-05','pe','yoko',92),
('2020-08-05','pe','rita',60),
('2020-08-05','pe','lucy',73);

# org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-surefire-plugin:2.22.0
mvn -Dtest=TestApp1,TestApp2 test
mvn -Dtest=TestApp1#testHello* test
# match pattern 'testHello*' and 'testMagic*' 
mvn -Dtest=TestApp1#testHello*+testMagic* test

git clone https://github.com/openjdk/jdk18.git --depth=1
# autoconf=2.71, ccache=4.6.3, freetype=2.12.1
brew install autoconf ccache freetype

bash ./configure --help
# --enable-debug : --with-debug-level=fastdebug --with-debug-level=slowdebug
# --with-jvm-variants=server
# --with-num-cores=8
# --with-memory-size=8192

# MacOS
# configure: error: No xcodebuild tool and no system framework headers found
sudo rm -rf /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools
sudo xcode-select --install
# jdk17+ require xcode itself
bash ./configure --with-debug-level=slowdebug --enable-ccache --disable-warnings-as-errors
make images
./build/macosx-x86_64-normal-server-slowdebug/jdk/bin/java -version

# jdk8u
bash ./configure --with-num-cores=8 --with-debug-level=slowdebug

# 10.3 is ok
sudo apt install g++-10

# Compile jdk17 on debian 11.2 gcc 10.2
git clone https://github.com/openjdk/jdk17 --depth=1
cd jdk17u

# tools
sudo apt install gcc g++ make autoconf ccache zip 

# Boot JDK
sudo apt install openjdk-17-jdk

# header files
sudo apt install -y libx11-dev libxext-dev libxrender-dev libxrandr-dev libxtst-dev libxt-dev
sudo apt install -y libcups2-dev libfontconfig1-dev libasound2-dev

bash ./configure --with-debug-level=slowdebug --enable-ccache
make images

// import math._ but cos
import math.{cos => _, _}

object HelloWolrd {
    def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
        val myVal: String = "Hello World!"
        var myVar: Long = System.currentTimeMillis()
        myVar += 1
        val name = myVal:Object // cast
        println(s"$myVal")
    }
    def patternMatch(x: Any): Any = x match {
        case 1 => 1
        case "five" => 5
        case _ => 0
    }
}

trait Animal {
    final val age = 18
    val color: String
    val kind = "Animal"
    def eq(x: Any): Boolean
    def ne(x: Any): Boolean = !eq(x)
}
class Cat extends Animal {
    override val color = "Yellow"
    override val kind = "Cat"
    def eq(x: Any): Boolean = false
}
class Dog(name: String) extends Animal {
    def this() = this("Dog")
    override val color = "Brown"
    def eq(x: Any): Boolean = true
}

trait Traversable {
    def foreach[U](f: Elem => U): Unit
}

trait Iterable extends Traversable

trait Seq extends Iterable
trait Set extends Iterable
trait Map extends Iterable

import cpllection.JavaConvertions._

pip install gunicorn greenlet eventlet gevent

# -k, --worker-class 工作模式
gunicorn -k sync --workers=17 --threads 1 --worker-connections 1000

# pip3 install PyMySQL
import pymysql

db = pymysql.connect("localhost","user","passwd","testdb" )
cursor = db.cursor()

cursor.execute("SELECT VERSION()")
print(f"Database version : {cursor.fetchone()}")

try:
   cursor.execute("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS EMPLOYEE")
   db.commit()
except:
   db.rollback()

cursor.execute("SELECT 1")
rows = cursor.fetchall()
for row in rows:
    print(row[0])

db.close()

import pika

connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('127.0.0.1', 5672))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.queue_declare(queue='hello')
channel.basic_publish(exchange='', routing_key='hello', body='Hello World!')
print("[x] Sent 'Hello World!'")
connection.close()

curl https://pyenv.run | bash

pyenv install --list
pyenv versions
pyenv global 3.7.15

sudo apt install make gcc g++ patch cmake -y

sudo apt install libssl-dev libbz2-dev libreadline-dev zlib1g.dev libsqlite3-dev libffi-dev lzma-dev libsnappy-dev libjpeg-dev default-libmysqlclient-dev -y
pyenv install 2.7.18

wget http://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.15/Python-3.7.15.tgz
tar -zxvf Python-3.7.15.tgz
cd Python-3.7.15

./configure --prefix=/opt/python3 --enable-optimizations
make
make install
make clean
make distclean

/opt/python3/bin/python3 -V

# docker pull debian:9
# docker run -d -it --name debian9 debian:9
# https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/debian/
apt update 
apt install python python-pip -y
pip install -U setuptools

apt install make gcc g++ patch cmake -y
apt install libssl-dev libbz2-dev libreadline-dev zlib1g.dev libsqlite3-dev libffi-dev lzma-dev libsnappy-dev libjpeg-dev default-libmysqlclient-dev -y

# mysql-python
# for old debian: libmysqlclient-dev
apt install default-libmysqlclient-dev -y
pip install mysql-python

# pyarrow
apt install -y -V ca-certificates lsb-release wget
wget https://apache.jfrog.io/artifactory/arrow/$(lsb_release --id --short | tr 'A-Z' 'a-z')/apache-arrow-apt-source-latest-$(lsb_release --codename --short).deb -O /tmp/apache-arrow.deb
apt -y install /tmp/apache-arrow.deb
apt -y update
apt -y install libarrow-dev libarrow-python-dev
rm /tmp/apache-arrow.deb

# docker pull fedora
# docker run -d -it --name fedora fedora
# https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/fedora/

# python2 is not included
# dnf whatprovides pip
# sudo alternatives --set python /usr/bin/python2

dnf update && dnf install git curl -y
curl https://pyenv.run | bash
cat <<EOF >> ~/.bashrc
export PYENV_ROOT="\$HOME/.pyenv"
command -v pyenv >/dev/null || export PATH="\$PYENV_ROOT/bin:\$PATH"
eval "\$(pyenv init -)"
EOF
source ~/.bashrc

dnf install make gcc g++ -y
dnf install readline-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel bzip2-devel sqlite-devel libffi-devel lzma-sdk-devel -y
pyenv install 2.7.18
pyenv global 2.7.18

# pyarrow
dnf install cmake libarrow-devel libarrow-python-devel -y
pip install arrow pyarrow

# mysql-python
dnf install mysql-devel -y
pip install mysql-python

ipython --pylab

wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py -O - | python

brew install openblas
OPENBLAS="$(brew --prefix openblas)" pip install numpy

import datetime
import time

dt = datetime.datetime.now()
unix_sec = time.mktime(dt.timetuple())
dt = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(time.time())

s = dt.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
dt = datetime.datetime.strptime(s, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
unix_sec = time.mktime(time.strptime(s, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"))
s = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime(unix_sec))

import random

n_float = random.uniform(0, 10) # [0, 10)
n_float = random.random() # [0, 1.0)

# random.randrange([start], stop[, step])
n_int = random.randint(1, 3) # [1, 3]

s_str = random.choice(['r', 'g', 'b'])
s_list = random.sample(['r', 'g', 'b'], 2)

import ConfigParser
conf = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
conf.read("myapp.ini")
sections = conf.sections()
section = sections [0]
keys = conf.options("sec")
kvs = conf.items("sec")
val = conf.get("sec", "key")
int_val = conf.getint("sec", "key")

import unittest

class TestStringMethods(unittest.TestCase):

    def test_somecase(self):
        self.assertEqual('foo'.upper(), 'FOO')
        self.assertTrue('FOO'.isupper())
        self.assertFalse('Foo'.isupper())

if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

python -m unittest test_module1 test_module2
python -m unittest test_module.TestClass
python -m unittest test_module.TestClass.test_method

python -m unittest -v tests/test_something.py

python3 -m http.server 3333
python -m SimpleHTTPServer 3333

pip install "fastapi[all]"
# use the 'app' object in module fastapi-main(or file called fastapi-main.py)
uvicorn fastapi-main:app --reload

from fastapi import FastAPI

app = FastAPI()

@app.get("/")
async def root(secs: float):
    from time import sleep
    sleep(secs)
    return {"message": "Hello World"}

pip install Flask
python -m flask run 

from flask import Flask, request

app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route("/")
def hello_world():
        secs = request.args.get("secs")
        from time import sleep
        sleep(float(secs))
        return {"message": "Hello World"}

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(debug=True)

pip install Django
django-admin startproject mysite
cd mysite
python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000

from bottle import request, route, run, template
from time import sleep

@route('/hello/<name>')
def hello(name):
    return template('<b>Hello {{name}}</b>!', name=name)

@route('/')
def index():
    secs = request.query.get('secs')
    name = request.query.get('name')
    if secs:
        sleep(float(secs))
    if not name:
        name = "World
    return "Hello {}!".format(name)

run(host='0.0.0.0', port=8000)

import trollius as asyncio
from trollius import From

@asyncio.coroutine
def factorial(name, number):
    f = 1
    for i in range(2, number + 1):
        print("Task %s: Compute factorial(%d)..." % (name, i))
        yield From(asyncio.sleep(1))
        f *= i
    print("Task %s completed! factorial(%d) is %d" % (name, number, f))

loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
tasks = [
    asyncio.async(factorial("A", 8)),
    asyncio.async(factorial("B", 3)),
    asyncio.async(factorial("C", 4))]
loop.run_until_complete(asyncio.wait(tasks))
loop.close()

tree -if | grep -v node_modules | egrep '[.](j|t)sx?$' | xargs wc -l

# 9999-99-99 99:99:99
# 00-23 00-23 00-59
# %t tab char
# %I 00-12
# %j 000-366
# %D MM/dd/yy
# %T hh:mm:ss
date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"

# timestamp, in sec
date +%s

# print cal
cal
cal 9 1752

# omz chsh
sudo rpm-ostree install git wget zsh vim util-linux-user
# compile
sudo rpm-ostree install make gcc g++ patch
# pkg
sudo rpm-ostree install dnf

sudo systemctl reboot

curl https://pyenv.run | bash

# add to ~/.zshrc
cat <<EOF >> ~/.zshrc
export PYENV_ROOT="\$HOME/.pyenv"
command -v pyenv >/dev/null || export PATH="\$PYENV_ROOT/bin:\$PATH"
eval "\$(pyenv init -)"
EOF

# dep lib to compile
sudo rpm-ostree install readline-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel bzip2-devel sqlite-devel libffi-devel lzma-sdk-devel

pyenv versions
pyenv install 2.7.18
pyenv install 3.9.13
pyenv global 2.7.18

# pyarrow
sudo rpm-ostree install libarrow-devel libarrow-python-devel

brew install qemu gcc libvirt
brew install virt-manager

# macOS doesn't support QEMU security features
echo 'security_driver = "none"' >> /opt/homebrew/etc/libvirt/qemu.conf
echo "dynamic_ownership = 0" >> /opt/homebrew/etc/libvirt/qemu.conf
echo "remember_owner = 0" >> /opt/homebrew/etc/libvirt/qemu.conf

brew services start libvirt

# https://developer.fedoraproject.org/tools/vagrant/vagrant-libvirt.html
# https://vagrant-libvirt.github.io/vagrant-libvirt/installation.html

# vagrant plugin install vagrant-libvirt
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.provider :libvirt do |libvirt|
    libvirt.driver = "qemu"
  end
end
# export VAGRANT_DEFAULT_PROVIDER=libvirt
# vagrant up --provider=libvirt

mkdir ~/vms && cd ~/vms

qemu-img create -f qcow2 debian.qcow2 50g
virsh define debian.xml
virsh start debian
virsh list

# https://cdimage.debian.org/images/cloud/stretch/daily/
# yum install qemu-kvm qemu-kvm-tools virt-manager libvirt virt-install –y

virt-install --name debian --ram 2048 --vcpus=2 --disk path=debian.qcow2 --network=bridge:en0 --force --import --autostart
virsh console --domain debian --force

# KVM format convert
qemu-img convert -p -t directsync -O qcow2 test.raw test.qcow2
qemu-img convert -p -t directsync -O raw test.qcows test.raw

sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.github.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/master/tools/install.sh)" 

cp ~/.oh-my-zsh/themes/agnoster.zsh-theme ~/.oh-my-zsh/custom/themes/
mv ~/.oh-my-zsh/custom/themes/agnoster.zsh-theme ~/.oh-my-zsh/custom/themes/myagnoster.zsh-theme
# vim ~/.oh-my-zsh/custom/themes/myagnoster.zsh-theme
# replace blue to cyan
# vim ~/.zshrc
# ZSH_THEME="myagnoster"

# add zsh-autosuggestions zsh-syntax-highlighting
cd ~/.oh-my-zsh/custom/plugins
git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-autosuggestions --depth 1
git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-syntax-highlighting --depth 1
# . ~/.zshrc

# PlugInstall [pluginName]
# PlugUpdate [pluginName]
# PlugDiff : show changelog
# PlugUpgrade : upgrade itself
# PlugStatus
# PlugClean
# PlugSnapshot [filePath] : save a snapshot
curl -fLo ~/.vim/autoload/plug.vim --create-dirs https://raw.githubusercontent.com/junegunn/vim-plug/master/plug.vim

:echo rename PRLS__ to NOBOX_
REG COPY HKLM\HARDWARE\ACPI\DSDT\PRLS__ HKLM\HARDWARE\ACPI\DSDT\NOBOX_ /s
REG DELETE HKLM\HARDWARE\ACPI\DSDT\PRLS__ /f

:modify SystemBiosVersion
REG ADD HKLM\HARDWARE\DESCRIPTION\System /v SystemBiosVersion /t REG_MULTI_SZ /d "NOBOX   - 1\018.0.2 (53077)\0Some EFI x64 18.0.2-53077 - 12CF55\0" /f
REG ADD HKLM\HARDWARE\DESCRIPTION\System /v VideoBiosVersion /t REG_MULTI_SZ /d "" /f
pause

# mkdir blog && cd blog
# git init
# git remote add origin git@github.com:tukeof/tukeof.github.io.git
git clone git://github.com/tukeof/tukeof.github.io.git blog
cd blog
git add *.md
git commit -m 'initial project version'
git push -u origin master

# 添加一个新的远程Git存储库
git remote add <shortname> <url>
git remote add origin git@github.com:tukeof/tukeof.github.io.git
git remote add origin ssh://username@127.0.0.1/reponame

git remote -v
git remote update
# 也会改变所有远程跟踪分支名称
git remote rename branch1 branch2
git remote rm branch1

git remote show origin

# 在本地新建一个tmp分支，并将远程origin仓库的master分支代码下载到本地tmp分支
git fetch origin master:tmp 
# 比较本地代码与刚刚从远程下载下来的代码的区别
git diff tmp 
# 合并temp分支到本地的master分支
git merge tmp
# 删除tmp分支
git branch -d tmp
# 取回远程主机某个分支的更新，再与本地的指定分支合并
git pull origin master:<branch_name>

# -a，--all，自动暂存已修改和删除的文件
git commit -a -m 'message'

# 从工作目录和暂存区域中删除文件
git rm <file>
# 仅从暂存区域中删除目录
git rm -r -cached <dir>

git mv README.md README
# mv README.md README
# git rm README.md
# git add README

# --amend
# 占用当前暂存区域并将其用于提交。如果自上次提交后没有进行任何更改，那么快照将看起来完全相同，并且将更改的是提交消息。
git commit --amend

# 撤销对暂存区的更改
git reset HEAD <file>
# 丢弃工作目录中的更改
git checkout - <file>

# clone
svn co https://localhost/user/repo

svn co https://localhost/username/repo -r some_version
svn checkout https://localhost/username/repo/dir1/dir2/proj1

# Phabricator
git clone https://github.com/phacility/libphutil.git
git clone https://github.com/phacility/arcanist.git

#  将 some_install_path/arcanist/bin 加入到$PATH变量中
# 权限认证
arc install-certificate
arc set-config editor "vim"

# 开分支(git branch)，或查看当前分支和关联的 revision
arc feature 
# 创建或更新 revision，范围是 origin/master 到最新提交，包括暂存区的内容
arc diff
# 所有 revision 和状态
arc list
# 当前分支上的 commit 会全部被 land， 会先 pull --rebase 再 push
arc land
# 查看 diff 的范围等信息
arc which

// apply patch to current branch
arc patch --diff <patch_version_number> --nocommit --nobranch

# list all branch, include local and remote
git branch -a
# delete branch
git branch -d <local_branch>
git push origin --delete <remote_branch>

# list tags
git log --pretty=oneline --abbrev-commit
git show <tag_name>
# tag a tag based on a commit, default cid is `HEAD`
git tag <tag_name> <commit_id>
git tag -a <tag_name> -m "message for tag" <commit_id>

# dangerous operation, it's better no-modification until checkout to `HEAD` 
git checkout <tag_name>
# 
git checkout -b <bra_name> <tag_name>

git tag -l "<prefix>*"
git push origin <tag_name>
# push all tags
git push origin --tags

# delete a local tag
git tag -d <tag_name>
# delete a remote tag
git push origin :refs/tags/<tag_name>

# list the stash entries that you currently have. stash@{0} is the latest entry
git stash list
# save all uncommitted changes
git stash
# apply all uncommitted changes
git stash apply

git merge-base origin/master HEAD

# Assume the following history exists and the current branch is "topic":
#       A - B - C topic
#      /  
# D - E - F -G master

git switch topic
git rebase master
git rebase master topic

# would be
#               A'--B'--C' topic
#              /
# D---E---F---G master

mkdir git-repo && cd git-repo
git init --bare
export remote_url=$(pwd)

cd ..
git clone $remote_url git
cd git

# D
echo $(uuidgen) > D && git add . && git commit -m 'D' && git push -u origin master
# D - E
echo $(uuidgen) > E && git add . && git commit -m 'E' && git push -u origin master

git checkout -b topic
git switch master
# D - E - F
echo $(uuidgen) > F && git add . && git commit -m 'F' && git push -u origin master
# D - E - F - G
echo $(uuidgen) > G && git add . && git commit -m 'G' && git push -u origin master

git switch topic
#       A
#      /  
# D - E - F
echo $(uuidgen) > A && git add . && git commit -m 'A' && git push -u origin topic
#       A - B
#      /  
# D - E - F
echo $(uuidgen) > B && git add . && git commit -m 'B' && git push -u origin topic
#       A - B - C topic
#      /  
# D - E - F master
echo $(uuidgen) > C && git add . && git commit -m 'C' && git push -u origin topic

# revert to previous commit
git revert <previous-commit>

# discard changes and reset files to master
git reset --hard origin/master

git reset --hard HEAD
# or save changes
git reset --soft HEAD 

# discard changes and reset to current branch
git checkout . && git clean -xdf

git help config
man git-config
git config --list

# 提交时转换为LF，检出时转换为CRLF
git config --global core.autocrlf true
# 提交时转换为LF，检出时不转换
git config --global core.autocrlf input
# 提交检出均不转换
git config --global core.autocrlf false

# 拒绝提交包含混合换行符的文件
git config --global core.safecrlf true
# 允许提交包含混合换行符的文件
git config --global core.safecrlf false
# 提交包含混合换行符的文件时给出警告
git config --global core.safecrlf warn

git config --global alias.co checkout
git config --global alias.br branch
git config --global alias.ci commit
git config --global alias.s status

git config --global alias.unstage 'reset HEAD - '
git config --global alias.last 'log -1 HEAD'
# git config --global alias.l '!ls -lah'
git config --global alias.url 'remote get-url --all origin'

# git config --global core.editor "'C:/Options/Notepad++/notepad++.exe' -multiInst -nosession"
git config --global core.editor vim

[user]
	name = yourname
	email = youremail
[http]
    #proxy = socks5://127.0.0.1:1080
[https]
    #proxy = socks5://127.0.0.1:1080	
[core]
    autocrlf = input
    safecrlf = true
[alias]
    co = checkout
    br = branch
    ci = commit
    s = statcus
    last = log -1 HEAD
    lg = log --graph
    url = remote get-url --all origin  

ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -C "youremail"

# https://pre-commit.com/#usage
pip install pre-commit pre-commit-hooks
# write to .git/hooks/pre-commit
pre-commit install

exclude: >
  (?x)(
      ^a/|
      ^b/c/|
      ^d/e/__init__.py
  )  
default_language_version:
    python: python3
repos:
  - repo: https://github.com/PyCQA/isort
    rev: 5.9.3 # tag
    hooks:
      - id: isort # sort imports
  - repo: https://github.com/psf/black
    rev: stable
    hooks:
      - id: black # code formatter
  - repo: https://github.com/pycqa/flake8
    rev: 4.0.1
    hooks:
      - id: flake8 # check the style and quality
        language_version: python2.7
        stages: [manual]

git reset --hard <commit_id>

# show which will be removed, include untracked directories
# -n --dry-run， Don't actually remove anything
git clean -d -n
# delete anyway, no confirm
git clean -d -f

# in stage space but changed by external
# touch a && gti add a && rm a, then a has not staged changes

# discard changes in working directory
git restore <files>
# or
git checkout <files>
# update what will be committed
git add <files>

# caused by removal
git rm <files>
# or
git rm --cached <files>

# undo stage
git restore --staged <files>

# remove from staged space
git rm --cached d

# message
git commit --amend -m 'message which will cover the old one'

# undo commit, but not undo add
# --soft, do not touch the index file nor the working tree
# --hard, match the working tree and index to the given tree
# --mixed, reset the index but not the working tree (default)
git reset --soft HEAD^
# undo <n> commits
git reset --soft HEAD~n

# reapply n commits
git rebase -i HEAD~n

# pick
# squash
# ...
# squash

git add .
git rebase --continue
# git rebase --abort

git push --force

# where git interprets x^ as the parent of x 
# + as a forced non-fastforward push. 
git push master +<second-last-commit>^:master

# or
git reset HEAD^ --hard
git push master -f

# this will open an editor and show a list of all commits since the commit we want to get rid of
# simply remove the line with the offending commit, likely that will be the first line
git rebase -i <second-last-commit>^

git push master -f

git init --bare /path/to/repo/.git
# git remote add origin /path/to/repo/.git
git clone /path/to/repo

# 显示工作目录和当前HEAD提交之间存在差异的路径
git status
# --short
# A added.c
# M modified.cc
# R renamed.h
# D deleted.hh
git status -s

# 将工作目录中的内容与暂存区域中的内容进行比较
git diff
# --cached，将暂存更改与上次提交进行比较  
git diff --staged

git diff oldCommit..newCommit

# 按反向时间顺序列出在该存储库中进行的提交
git log
# -p，patch  显示每次提交中引入的差异（补丁输出）
# -2  仅显示最后两个条目
# --stat 在每个提交条目下方打印一个已修改文件的列表，已更改的文件数以及这些文件中添加和删除的行数
# --shortstat 仅显示--stat命令中已更改/插入/删除行。
# --pretty=oneline 在一行上打印每个提交
git log --pretty=oneline
# 短哈希 - 作者名，日期 ：注释
git log --pretty=format:"%h - %an, %ar : %s"
# --graph 添加一个很好的小ASCII图，显示您的分支和合并历史记录
git log --pretty=format:"%h %s" --graph

git log -<n>
# --since, --after
# --until, --before
git log --since=2.weeks
git log --since="2008-01-15"
git log --since="2 years 1 day 3 minutes ago"

# --committer 执行提交的用户
# --author 作出修改的用户
# 在提交消息中搜索关键字
git  --author=<author> --grep="keyword"
# 可以指定--author和--grep搜索条件的多个实例
# 这将限制提交输出到与任何--author模式和任何--grep模式匹配的提交
# --all-match 会进一步将输出限制为与所有--grep模式匹配的提交

# 仅显示提交添加或删除与字符串匹配的代码的提交
git log -S function_name